Documenting all Lupin III references in p5 would be a really huge and interesting undertaking. If I remember right, a character straight up says that she used to watch a show featuring a femme fatale thief when she was a kid.
Oh it's my time to shine, as a huge Persona 5 fan

Though a lot of references were already mentioned!
Persona 5 is a Lupin III reference. The protagonist's persona is straight up Arsené Lupin, someone else's persona is Goemon (the original Goemon), the Lupin run shows up, etc.
About the protagonist's persona - the main one is Arsène indeed, but he also has another form (in the DLC, it's called Raoul) that looks lowkey like mush up of Lupin and Jigen! Those are both of them:

And the screenshot of the iconic run scene parody!:
- Protag's guardian Sojiro's design is a direct reference to Jigen's design (he also wears the opposite colors of white/pink where Jigen wears black/blue)
- Sojiro ALSO owns a small yellow car
I found him in his car, I think it's never shown fully? But it's probably not Fiat (sadly)...
And few little things that weren't mentioned yet:
On The Last Job Lupin special there was that girl of the week, Asuka, who looked like that:

I think she could have inspired the design of one of the main characters of Persona 5, Makoto:
Also one of the protagonists' best friends, Ryuji, is constantly compared to the monkey (which he doesn't like). Isn't it familiar?

He's got similar weakness for pretty girls as Lupin too.
Speaking of characters having similarities to the lupgang - the girl mentioned earlier by
@cotton, Ann, who wishes to be like "famous femme fatale thief" from the anime she saw, is the "sexy" one in the group and wears red catsuit, very in Fujiko's style.

And there's Yusuke, also mentioned earlier, whose Persona is (the first) Goemon. Yusuke fights with katana, speaks with very poetic language, strives to be the best in what he does (he's an artist) and if he fails, he acts very dramatic. He's also
[here's a little spoiler, if you want to play the game!!!] raised by the old master who is jealous of his skills, so he lies and uses him. So yeah, very inspired by Goe, I would say

Yusuke's my fav, as you can guess, since I love Goemon so much
I think that's all I can think of... Well, there's a reason why Persona 5 was the direct reason I started to watch Lupin
